Abstract: The correct establishment of the relationship between oil recovery and well pattern density is an important basis for oil and gas field development plan and later adjustment plan. On the premise of defining the abandoned production and ultimate water cut of the oil field, multiple ways of demonstration are adopted to optimize the water flooding characteristics curve that can more truly reflect the development law of GX2-2 oilfield. On this basis, the recoverable reserves and recovery factor in different development stages are calculated. In combination with the actual well pattern density at each stage, the relationship between oil recovery and well pattern density is obtained. The application results show that this method can accurately reflect the change of recovery rate with well pattern adjustment, which is in line with the actual regularity of oilfield and has reference significance for the study of different types of water flooding reservoirs.