Abstract: This paper discusses the methods to accurately evaluate maturity of carbonate hydrocarbon source rock based on theory and practice.Synthetic study shows that perfecting bitumen reflectance index should begin with study of special evolutionary pattern of bitumen with different genesis and structures,that aromatic compounds are an important gcochemical information source for evaluating evolutionary level of carbonate rock as they have unique stability,and that asphaltene is suitablc to be used to evaluate highly-matured carbonate rock for its great ability of resistance to epigenesis.In addition, new techniques of analyzing aromatic fractions and high molecular weight compounds are also presented in this paper.